Managing Bacterial Vaginosis and Bladder Pressure: Pelvic Floor Therapy Tips

By Dr. Zarina Vitebsky, DPT, MSPT, PRPC, TPS, LPF, DN on 10/26/2023

Introduction

Explanation of Bacterial Vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance of bacteria in the vagina. It can lead to symptoms such as abnormal vaginal discharge, itching, and a strong fishy odor.

Overview of Bladder Pressure and Pelvic Floor Therapy

Bladder pressure refers to the sensation of pressure or discomfort in the bladder area, which can be caused by various factors including bacterial vaginosis. Pelvic floor therapy is a type of physical therapy that focuses on strengthening the muscles of the pelvic floor to improve bladder control and alleviate symptoms of bladder pressure.

Importance of Addressing These Issues

Bacterial vaginosis and bladder pressure can have a significant impact on a person's quality of life, causing discomfort, embarrassment, and even pain. It is important to address these issues to improve overall health and well-being.

Furthermore, if left untreated, bacterial vaginosis can lead to more serious complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease and an increased risk of sexually transmitted infections. Bladder pressure can also be a symptom of underlying conditions such as urinary tract infections or pelvic organ prolapse, which may require medical treatment.

Understanding Bacterial Vaginosis

Definition and Causes

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance of bacteria in the vagina. Normally, the vagina has a balance of good and bad bacteria, but when the bad bacteria outnumber the good, it can lead to BV. The exact cause of this imbalance is not fully understood, but it is believed that certain factors such as douching, multiple sexual partners, and using scented products in the vaginal area can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria.

Symptoms and Risk Factors

The most common symptom of BV is a strong, fishy odor coming from the vagina. Other symptoms may include abnormal vaginal discharge, itching, and burning during urination. While any woman can develop BV, there are certain risk factors that may increase the chances, such as having a new sexual partner, using an intrauterine device (IUD), and smoking.

Diagnosis and Treatment Options

BV can be diagnosed through a physical exam and a sample of vaginal discharge. The doctor may also perform a pH test to check the acidity level of the vagina. Treatment for BV typically involves antibiotics, either in the form of oral medication or vaginal suppositories. It is important to complete the full course of treatment to ensure the infection is fully cleared.

Potential Complications if Left Untreated

If left untreated, BV can lead to more serious complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can cause damage to the reproductive organs and increase the risk of infertility. BV has also been linked to an increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as HIV, chlamydia, and gonorrhea. Pregnant women with BV are also at risk for complications such as preterm labor and delivery.

Effects of Bacterial Vaginosis on the Pelvic Floor

Explanation of the Pelvic Floor

The pelvic floor is a group of muscles, ligaments, and tissues that support the pelvic organs, including the bladder, uterus, and rectum. These muscles also play a crucial role in controlling bladder and bowel function, as well as sexual function.

How Bacterial Vaginosis Can Affect the Pelvic Floor

Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance of bacteria in the vagina. This infection can lead to inflammation and irritation of the pelvic floor muscles, causing them to become weak and dysfunctional. This can result in symptoms such as bladder pressure, urinary incontinence, and pain during sexual intercourse.

Common Symptoms of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction

Pelvic floor dysfunction refers to a range of symptoms that occur when the pelvic floor muscles are not functioning properly. These symptoms can include bladder and bowel control issues, pelvic pain, and sexual dysfunction. In the case of bacterial vaginosis, these symptoms may be exacerbated due to the infection's impact on the pelvic floor muscles.

Importance of Addressing Pelvic Floor Issues in Relation to Bacterial Vaginosis

It is essential to address pelvic floor issues when treating bacterial vaginosis to prevent further complications and improve overall pelvic health. Pelvic floor therapy, which includes exercises and techniques to strengthen and relax the pelvic floor muscles, can be beneficial in managing symptoms and preventing future infections. It is also crucial to treat bacterial vaginosis promptly to avoid potential long-term effects on the pelvic floor muscles.

Bladder Pressure and Pelvic Floor Therapy

Definition and Purpose of Pelvic Floor Therapy

Pelvic floor therapy is a type of physical therapy that focuses on strengthening and improving the function of the muscles in the pelvic floor. The pelvic floor is a group of muscles that support the bladder, uterus, and rectum. The purpose of pelvic floor therapy is to address issues such as bladder pressure and bacterial vaginosis by improving the strength and coordination of these muscles.

How it Can Help with Bladder Pressure and Bacterial Vaginosis

Bladder pressure is a common symptom of bacterial vaginosis, a condition caused by an imbalance of bacteria in the vagina. Pelvic floor therapy can help with bladder pressure by strengthening the muscles that support the bladder, which can improve bladder control and reduce pressure on the bladder. Additionally, pelvic floor therapy can help improve blood flow to the pelvic area, which can aid in the healing of bacterial vaginosis.

Different Types of Pelvic Floor Therapy

There are several different types of pelvic floor therapy, including exercises, biofeedback, and electrical stimulation. Pelvic floor exercises, also known as Kegels, involve contracting and relaxing the pelvic floor muscles to improve strength and control. Biofeedback uses sensors to provide visual or auditory feedback on muscle activity, helping patients learn how to properly engage their pelvic floor muscles. Electrical stimulation involves using a small electrical current to stimulate the pelvic floor muscles, which can help improve muscle strength and coordination.

Pelvic floor therapy has been shown to have many benefits, including improved bladder control, reduced bladder pressure, and improved sexual function.

Steps for Pelvic Floor Therapy

Consultation with a Healthcare Provider

The first step in pelvic floor therapy is to consult with a healthcare provider, such as a physical therapist specialized in pelvic floor treatment. During this consultation, the healthcare provider will ask about your symptoms and medical history, and may perform a physical exam to assess the condition of your pelvic floor muscles.

Evaluation of Pelvic Floor Muscles

After the initial consultation, the healthcare provider will evaluate the strength and function of your pelvic floor muscles. This may involve a pelvic floor muscle exam, where the provider will assess the strength and coordination of your muscles. They may also use imaging techniques, such as ultrasound, to get a better understanding of your pelvic floor muscles.

Creation of a Personalized Treatment Plan

Based on the evaluation, the healthcare provider will create a personalized treatment plan for you. This may include specific exercises and techniques to target your individual needs and symptoms. The treatment plan may also take into account any underlying conditions or factors that may be contributing to your pelvic floor dysfunction.

Implementation of Therapy Techniques

Once the treatment plan is in place, you will begin implementing therapy techniques to improve the function and strength of your pelvic floor muscles. These techniques may include:

1. Kegel exercises:

   These are exercises that involve contracting and relaxing the pelvic floor muscles to improve strength and control.

2. Biofeedback:

   This technique uses sensors to provide visual or auditory feedback on the activity of your pelvic floor muscles, helping you to better control and strengthen them.

3. Electrical stimulation:

   This involves using a small electrical current to stimulate the pelvic floor muscles, helping to improve muscle function and control.

4. Manual therapy:

   This may include techniques such as massage or stretching to release tension and improve muscle function in the pelvic floor.

Monitoring Progress and Making Adjustments as Needed

Throughout the course of pelvic floor therapy, your physical therapist will monitor your progress and make any necessary adjustments to your treatment plan. This may involve increasing or decreasing the intensity of exercises, trying new techniques, or addressing any new symptoms that arise. It is important to communicate openly with your healthcare provider and follow their recommendations for the best results.

Other Considerations for Managing Bacterial Vaginosis and Bladder Pressure

Importance of Maintaining Good Hygiene

Proper hygiene is crucial for managing bacterial vaginosis and bladder pressure. This includes regularly washing the genital area with mild soap and water, avoiding harsh chemicals or scented products, and wearing breathable cotton underwear. It is also important to wipe from front to back after using the bathroom to prevent the spread of bacteria from the anus to the vagina.

Dietary and Lifestyle Changes to Support Pelvic Floor Health

The pelvic floor muscles play a significant role in bladder control and can be weakened by bacterial vaginosis. To support pelvic floor health, it is important to maintain a healthy diet and lifestyle. This includes staying hydrated, eating a balanced diet rich in fiber, and avoiding foods and drinks that can irritate the bladder, such as caffeine and alcohol. Regular exercise, particularly pelvic floor exercises, can also help strengthen these muscles.

Potential Use of Medication for Bacterial Vaginosis

In some cases, medication may be necessary to treat bacterial vaginosis. This can include antibiotics, antifungal medications, or probiotics. It is important to consult with a healthcare provider before taking any medication, as they can help determine the best course of treatment based on individual needs and medical history.

Importance of Open Communication with Healthcare Provider

Open communication with a healthcare provider is crucial for managing bacterial vaginosis and bladder pressure. They can provide personalized treatment recommendations, monitor symptoms, and address any concerns or questions. It is important to be honest and open about symptoms and any changes in health to ensure proper treatment and management of these conditions.

If you are experiencing pelvic floor dysfunctions associated with the issues above, please reach out to us at Pelvic Health Center in Madison, NJ to set up an evaluation and treatment! Feel free to call us at 908-443-9880 or email us at receptionmadison@pelvichealthnj.com.

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